یکپارچه‌سازی پاسخ‌ها و مدیریت خطاها در سرویس‌های Spring Boot

public class ApiResponse<T> {
    private boolean success;
    private String message;
    private T data;

    public ApiResponse(boolean success, String message, T data) {
        this.success = success;
        this.message = message;
        this.data = data;
    }

    public static <T> ApiResponse<T> success(T data, String message) {
        return new ApiResponse<>(true, message, data);
    }

    public static <T> ApiResponse<T> failure(String message) {
        return new ApiResponse<>(false, message, null);
    }

    // Getters and Setters
}

import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.WebRequest;

@ControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {

    @ExceptionHandler(ResourceNotFoundException.class)
    public ResponseEntity<ApiResponse<Object>> handleResourceNotFoundException(ResourceNotFoundException ex, WebRequest request) {
        ApiResponse<Object> response = ApiResponse.failure(ex.getMessage());
        return new ResponseEntity<>(response, HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND);
    }

    @ExceptionHandler(IllegalArgumentException.class)
    public ResponseEntity<ApiResponse<Object>> handleIllegalArgumentException(IllegalArgumentException ex, WebRequest request) {
        ApiResponse<Object> response = ApiResponse.failure(ex.getMessage());
        return new ResponseEntity<>(response, HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
    }

    @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
    public ResponseEntity<ApiResponse<Object>> handleGlobalException(Exception ex, WebRequest request) {
        ApiResponse<Object> response = ApiResponse.failure("An unexpected error occurred");
        return new ResponseEntity<>(response, HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
    }
}

import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class UserController {

    @GetMapping("/users/{id}")
    public ResponseEntity<ApiResponse<User>> getUserById(@PathVariable Long id) {
        User user = userService.findById(id)
                .orElseThrow(() -> new ResourceNotFoundException("User not found with id " + id));

        ApiResponse<User> response = ApiResponse.success(user, "User found successfully");
        return ResponseEntity.ok(response);
    }
}

public class ResourceNotFoundException extends RuntimeException {
    public ResourceNotFoundException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }
}